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A meteoroid shown entering the atmosphere, becoming visible as a meteor and hitting the Earth's surface as a meteorite. A meteoroid ( ) is a small rocky or metallic body in. Meteoroids are significantly smaller than, and range in size from small grains to one-meter-wide objects. Objects smaller than this are classified as. Most are fragments from or asteroids, whereas others are ejected from bodies such as the.

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When a meteoroid, comet, or asteroid at a speed typically in excess of 20 km/s (72,000 km/h; 45,000 mph), of that object produces a streak of light, both from the glowing object and the trail of glowing particles that it leaves in its wake. This phenomenon is called a or 'shooting star'.

A series of many meteors appearing seconds or minutes apart and appearing to originate from the same fixed point in the sky is called a. If that object withstands from its passage through the atmosphere as a meteor and impacts with the ground, it is then called a. An estimated 25 million meteoroids, micrometeoroids and other enter Earth's atmosphere each day, which results in an estimated 15,000 tonnes of that material entering the atmosphere each year. Fragments found on February 28, 2009, in the, In 1961, the (IAU) defined a meteoroid as 'a solid object moving in interplanetary space, of a size considerably smaller than an and considerably larger than an atom'. In 1995, Beech and Steel, writing in the, proposed a new definition where a meteoroid would be between 100 and 10 m (33 ft) across. In 2010, following the discovery of asteroids below 10 m in size, Rubin and Grossman proposed a revision of the previous definition of meteoroid to objects between 10 µm and one meter (3 ft 3 in) in diameter in order to maintain the distinction.

According to Rubin and Grossman, the minimum size of an asteroid is given by what can be discovered from Earth-bound telescopes, so the distinction between meteoroid and asteroid is fuzzy. Some of the smallest asteroids discovered (based on H) are 2008 TS 26 with H = 33.2 and with H = 32.1 both with an estimated size of one m (3 ft 3 in). In April 2017, the IAU adopted an official revision of its definition, limiting size to between 30 µm and one meter in diameter, but allowing for a deviation for any object causing a meteor. Objects smaller than meteoroids are classified as. The does not use the term 'meteoroid'. Composition [ ] Almost all meteoroids contain extraterrestrial nickel and iron. They have three main classifications: iron, stone, and stony-iron.

Some stone meteoroids contain grain-like inclusions known as and are called. Plants vs zombies garden warfare. Stony meteoroids without these features are called ', which are typically formed from extraterrestrial igneous activity; they contain little or no extraterrestrial iron. The composition of meteoroids can be inferred as they pass through Earth's atmosphere from their trajectories and the light spectra of the resulting meteor. Their effects on radio signals also give information, especially useful for daytime meteors, which are otherwise very difficult to observe. From these trajectory measurements, meteoroids have been found to have many different orbits, some clustering in streams (see ) often associated with a parent, others apparently sporadic. Debris from meteoroid streams may eventually be scattered into other orbits. The light spectra, combined with trajectory and light curve measurements, have yielded various compositions and densities, ranging from fragile snowball-like objects with density about a quarter that of ice, to nickel-iron rich dense rocks.

The study of also gives insights into the composition of non-ephemeral meteoroids. In the Solar System [ ] Most meteoroids come from the, having been perturbed by the gravitational influences of planets, but others are particles from, giving rise to. Some meteoroids are fragments from bodies such as Mars or, that have been thrown into space by an impact. Meteoroids travel around the Sun in a variety of orbits and at various velocities. The fastest move at about 42 km/s (94,000 mph) through space in the vicinity of Earth's orbit.